Okra or Lady Finger crops belong to the Malvaceae family. Okra is mostly grown for its green tender nutritive fruits. Okra is a rich source of vitamins, calcium, protein, and other minerals. India is one of the largest producers of Okra in the world.
The crop is attacked by several pests like Fruit borer, leaf roller, Jassids, Aphids, etc that may cause damage to the crop. Proper identification and management of these pests should be done for control measures.
1. Shoot and fruit borer: Earias vitella, E. insulana
Symptoms of damage:
Terminal shoots wither and droop
Shedding of buds and flowers
Borehole in fruits and fee
Deformed fruits
Control measures:
Neem oil (Azadirachtin 0.03% WSP (300 ppm))3-5 ml/1 liter water or proclaim (Emamectin benzoate 5% SG) 0.5gms/1 liter of water or Ekalux (Quinalphos 25 % EC) 2 ml /1 liter of water
2. Leaf roller: Sylepta derogata
Symptoms of damage:
Caterpillar rolled the leaves
Scrapping the chlorophyll content and feeding inside
Defoliation
Control measures:
Sumitomo Meothrin( Fenpropathrin 30% EC ) 0.5ml/1 liter of water or Coragen (Chlorantraniliprole 18.5 % W/W)0.4 ml / 1 liter of water or Ekalux (Quinalphos 25 % EC) 2 ml /1 liter of water
3. Semilooper: Anomis flava
Symptoms of damage:
Caterpillar fed on the leaves
Defoliation
Control measures:
Coragen (Chlorantraniliprole 18.5 % W/W)0.4 Ml / 1 Liter of water. Or Rogor or tafgor(Dimethoate 30% EC)1-2 ml/1 liter of water.
4. Whitefly: Bemisia tabaci
Symptoms of damage:
Chlorotic spots on the leaves later coalesce forming irregular yellowing of leaf tissue
Severe infestation results in premature defoliation
Development of sooty mold
Vector of yellow vein mosaic virus
Control measures:
Confidor(17.8% imidacloprid)0.05-0.1 milliliters/1 liter of water. Or Lancer gold (Acephate 50 % + Imidacloprid 1.8 % SP)2gm/1 liter of water or Solomon(Beta-Cyfluthrin + Imidacloprid 300 OD (8.49 + 19.81 % w/w))0.1-0.25 milliliters/1 liter of water
5. Aphid: Aphis gossypii
Symptoms of damage:
Infesting tender shoots and under the surface of the leaves.
Curling and crinkling of leaves
Stunted growth
Development of black sooty mold due to the excretion of honeydew
Control measures: Anshul Ikon Or TATA MANIK (Acetamiprid 20% SP) 0.5 gm/liter or Karate(Lambda-cyhalothrin 5% EC)2ml/1 liter of water or keefun(Tolfenpyrad 15%ec) 1.5-2 ml/1 liter of water
6. Jassids: Amrasca devastates
Symptoms of damage:
Tender leaves become yellow
The margin of the leaves start curling downwards and reddening sets in
In the case of severe infestation leaves get a bronze which is typical “hopper burn” symptom
The margins of the leaf get broken and crumble into pieces when crushed
The leaves dried up and shed and the growth of the crop was regarded
Control measures:
Syngenta Curacron Insecticide(Profenofos 50% EC)1.5 - 2.5 ml /1 liter of water or Syngenta Pegasus (Diafenthiuron 50%WP)0.5 gm - 1 gm /1 liter of water.
7. Shoot weevil: Alcidodes affaber
Symptoms of damage:
Grub feed on the stem and galls are formed in the stem and petiole
Adults feed on leaf buds and terminal shoots
Control measures:
Karate(Lambda-cyhalothrin 5% EC)2ml/1 liter of water or Nagarjuna Profex Super Insecticide(Profenophos 40% + Cypermethrin 4%)2ml/1 liter of water
8. Stem weevil: Pempherulus affinis
Symptoms of damage:
Grub feed on the stem and galls are formed in the stem and petiole
Adults feed on leaf buds and terminal shoots
Control measures:
Karate(Lambda-cyhalothrin 5% EC)2ml/1 liter of water or Nagarjuna Profex Super Insecticide(Profenophos 40% + Cypermethrin 4%)2ml/1 liter of water
Here are some frequently asked questions on okra insect management:
Q: How can I identify the specific insect harming my okra plants?
A: Look closely for signs of damage and the insect itself. Consult extension office resources or online guides with pictures of common okra pests to aid in identification.
Q: When is the best time to apply pest control methods?
A: Focus on preventative measures like cultural practices before pest populations explode. If using insecticides, apply them according to the label instructions, which often target specific insect life stages.
Q: Are there any organic options for controlling okra insects?
A: Yes! Introduce beneficial insects, use insecticidal soaps or neem oil sprays, and prioritize cultural practices like crop rotation and field sanitation.
Q: What happens if I don't manage insect pests in my okra?
A: Uncontrolled insect infestations can significantly reduce your okra yield and the overall health of your plants. In severe cases, complete crop failure can occur.
Q: Where can I find more information about okra insect management?
A: Your local cooperative extension office is a great resource. Additionally, universities with agricultural programs often publish research-based information online.
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