Brinjal is known by various names as Aubergine, Eggplant, Melanzana, and Garden egg. It is one of the widely cultivated and most preferred vegetables in India. It is a long-duration crop with a hardy nature hence it is preferred by several farmers with limited water resources. This attractive-looking crop is attacked by several pests and this blog helps farmers to identify insect damage and suitable control measures.
Shoot and fruit borer
Shoot and fruit borer is a lepidopteran insect that is the major pest of brinjal. Symptoms are usually noticed on the shoot tips. Insect bores a hole in the shoot tip causing drooping shoot or dead heart symptoms. Under Severe infestation, flowers fall off and circular holes can be noticed on the brinjal fruits.
Ash weevil is not a major pest of brinjal. The insect usually feeds by notching and scraping the leaf surface or leaf margins. The younger stage of insects are called grubs they damage the roots by feeding on roots causing wilting of plants.
Brown leafhopper insect causes serious damage to the brinjal crop. Adults and Nymphs remain on the lower side of the leaf and suck sap from the leaf. As a result, leaves turn yellow, leaf size reduces, and leaves curl backward. Besides this brown leafhopper acts as a vector for transmission of little leaf disease of brinjal.
Hadda beetle or spotted ladybird beetle and larva feed on the leaf by scraping which damage and reduces the chlorophyll content. This not only reduces the photosynthetic area but also reduces the yield of the crop. If left untreated it would skeletonize the entire leaf.
Aphids are a common pest of most vegetables. They remain on the lower side of the leaf and suck the sap from the leaves, causing the leaves to curl, also reducing the plant's height. Under severe infestation yield and quality of the crop will be reduced drastically.
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